FREQUENCY OF ANEMIA IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69723/njms.03.02.0395Keywords:
Acute Coronary Syndrome, Anemia, Hemoglobin levelAbstract
Background:
Anemia in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) worsens oxygen imbalance, impairs vessel healing, exacerbates myocardial ischemia, and increases mortality, heart failure risk, and bleeding complications. Prompt treatment improves viability but complicates antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapyThis study aims to determine anemia frequency in ACS patients to inform guidelines and preventive measures, thus improving prognosis and reducing morbidity.
Objective:
To determine the frequency of anemia in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome
Methodology:
A Cross-sectional study was conducted in the cardiology unit of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from Oct 2023 to March 2024 on 147 patients of ACS selected via non-probability consecutive sampling. Demographic details, including age, gender, education, occupation, socioeconomic status, residence area, and comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension, was recorded. Anemia evaluation was conducted through a blood test, supervised by a consultant with three years of post-fellowship experience. All patient data was meticulously documented on a designated form. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. Mean + SD was used to determine numerical variables such as age, MCV, MCHC, and hemoglobin level. Frequency and percentages were used to determine the categorical variables. Effect modifiers were addressed through stratification. Post-stratification chi-square test was performed at a 5 % level of significance.
Results
The frequency of anemia in patients with ACS was 17.68%, where 3 patients had normocytic while 21 patients had microcytic anemia. The findings showed that smoking, diabetes, and hypertension all had a statistically significant impact on the presence of anemia in ACS patients.
Conclusions:
A significant portion of patients with ACS had anemia emphasizing how crucial it is to take comorbidities into account while managing and risk-strategizing patients with ACS.
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