INVESTIGATING GLP-1 FOR PCOS MANAGEMENT AND FERTILITY ENHANCEMENT

Abstract

 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. PCOS is marked by skyrocketing androgen levels and irregular or absent ovulation. Patients suffering often experience the following co-occurring conditions: obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, infertility, and an elevated risk of diabetes. About 50% of women with PCOS deal with obesity and 50-80% face insulin resistance. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been a recent addition to the treatment options available for managing the metabolic symptoms of PCOS. Before starting GLP-1RA therapy, patients should be screened for any history of pancreatitis, diabetic retinopathy, or thyroid cancer. GLP-1RAs are drugs usually prescribed to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients to regulate their blood glucose levels by increasing insulin sensitivity. They can reduce hyperlipidemia and decrease glycated hemoglobin levels. Although there isn't a direct relationship between GLP-1RAs and fertility, they can significantly help manage the metabolic symptoms of PCOS and, in turn, improve fertility in women. This offers a new window of hope for those struggling to conceive. While implementing healthy lifestyle changes through diet and exercise should be the first line of action, GLP-1RAs provide a potential treatment option for those whose infertility due to PCOS and obesity remains unresolved.